Water jet slicing is a producing process that makes use of high pressure jets of water provided by pressurizing pumps that deliver a supersonic stream of water to cut and form various types of materials. The water in water jet reducing is pressurized to 392 MPa and projected utilizing a small precision nozzle. As the water leaves the nozzle, it reaches speeds which are 3 times the speed of sound.
Pure water jet cutting with water as its medium is designed for soft materials such as wood, plastics, and rubber. When an abrasive is added to the water stream, equivalent to titanium, stainless metal, aluminum, glass, ceramic material, and concrete, chopping turns into more aggressive and capable of slicing hard metals.
Chapter Two – How Water Jet Cutting Works
The water jet chopping process will be accomplished in several totally different ways. The foremostity of the methods have an abrasive blended into the water to blast particles from the workpiece. It’s a very versatile manufacturing process that can be utilized to chop, form, and design a workpiece to fulfill exact specifications.
The shaping method used for water jet chopping has several advantages over different slicing processes, reminiscent of plasma or laser. Water jet slicing has higher accuracy, can minimize complex designs, and is able to cut thermally sensitive surfaces.
The Process of Water Jet Cutting
Measuring Kerf Width
Kerf width pertains to the fabric being removed as a part of a slicing process. The term was initially used to confer with the fabric removed by the chopping of a noticed blade. Within the case of a water jet cutter, it refers back to the width of the stream, which is normally 0.04 inch or smaller. The inside corners reduce by water jet chopping have a radius that matches the width of the stream. The kerf relies on a wide range of factors, which include material thickness, type of material, chopping quality, and the nature of the waterjet nozzle.
The dimensions of the kerf is a crucial design factor that has to be accounted for when figuring out the dimensions of the ultimate product. If the kerf is 0.042 inches, the dimensions of the ultimate part have to be adjusted to account for the chopping width or the ultimate part will be 0.042 inch off.
Initial Water Jet Piercing
The first reduce made by a water jet cutter is referred to as the pierce, which is wider than the conventional kerf. The initiation of the pierce is the first step within the water jet cutting process. It may be accomplished in a number of completely different ways with stationary, linear, circular, and low pressure being the most common methods. Which of the piercing strategies is used relies on the material to be reduce and the quantity of scrap produced.
Tapering in Kerf Width
Tapering in water jet cutting refers back to the kerf width at the top of the reduce and its width on the bottom. Water jet cuts have a V-formed taper, which is generated because the stream loses some of its energy as it cuts deeper into the material, with more materials being removed on the top than at the bottom.
Slow slicing speeds produce a reverse taper the place the kerf width is wider at the bottom, which is caused by removing more materials at the bottom of the cut. The reverse taper may be seen when slicing soft, pliable materials.
Barrel tapers are created when the lower is widest in the middle of the lower, which occurs when reducing extraordinarily thick materials.
For most reducing, tapering does not matter and can be utilized as a benefit for certain jobs. In the case of precision tooling where reduce pieces must fit collectively accurately, tapering generally is a problem and must be taken into consideration.
Pressurizing the Water
A number of strategies are used to pressurize the water, including linear intensifiers and rotary direct drive pumps. The two types of pumps have a motor, water filters, management systems, and sensors.
Linear intensifier pumps use pressurized hydraulic oil at a pressure of 3000 psi. Low pressure oil pushes towards a piston that has a face area that’s 20 occasions bigger than that of the high pressure plunger that pushes in opposition to the water. For the reason that measurement of the low pressure pump is 20 instances larger than that of the high pressure one, the pressure on the bigger plunger is intensified 20 times, yielding a pressure of 60,000 psi.
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